File-sharpening apparatus.



No. 819,922. PATENTED MAY 8, 190% A. H. RADELL, FILE SHARPENING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION TILED SEPT.12. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

' PATENTED MAY 8, 1906.

A. H. RADELL.

FILE SHARPENING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED SEPTJZ. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

PATENEQ @FFIQE.

AllTHONY H. RADELL, QFCHIUAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO BENJAMIN IVLFREES. ()F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

e rge-si-ineeemine APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

sate-uteri may. 8, 1906.

Application filed September 12. 1904. Serial No. 224,206.

. of, reference being had to the accompanving drawings, which form part of this s tion.

invention has particular reference to file-sharpening machines; but its teachings used.

are broadly applicable to a-hrading-machines of the general type of the-apparatus herein purpose they may be disclosedfor whatever Heretoiore abiadhig-inachines for sharpening files have been constructed providing a steam-injector or blast device suitably connected'by piping with a source of supply of abrasive materials'uch as sand, emery, or

carhorundum, either dry or immersed in wa-" teri or the purposeof projecting the abrasive material against the tool or article to be sharpeiied or abraded. The machines of this site le further, that when used with moist material they take up with the material an undue amountoi moisturawhich is augmented by heats the tool being sharpened to such a degree as to affect its temper and is otherwise unsatisfactory. Furthermore, the material, wet or dry, emg 111 a relatively cool state when supplied tothe steam-injector (wherein is usually em loy'ed as the motive fluid steam under higi pressure and with a high degree of superheat) the condensation and contraction of the steam resulting fromits contact with the relatively cool material reduces its velocity to such an extent as to sc riously impair the working eihciencyof the v supply air to the material-pipe with the abrachine, with parts in elevation.

machine. Other objections to machines of the general construction described are overcome by the construction disclosed inmy prior patent, No. 673,5Z6, dated September 10, 1901, wherein an air-pipe is provided to sive material; but in the machine ofmy'priorpatent the airwas taken directly from the atmosphere and reached the point of mixture with the steam of the injector in a relatively v cool condition, so that the disadvantages to lowing from unduelsteam dondiensation were not thereby overcome.

My present invention has for its salient ob* ject to provide a niachine operable by a steam-injector wherein means are rovided for minimizing the condensation o the injcct'ed steam.

A further ob'ect of my invention is to provide' a means or regulatin the quantity of abrasive material projected by the injector.

.Another object of my invention is'to provide means for preventing the cloggin 'of' the machineby the abrasive material W en not in eration. A still further object of m invention isto apparatus when the steam-supply is insufiic1ent to properly inject the abrasivefmate-Q rial, and a still further object of-my inven tion is to provide a machine embody'ingimprovements in its principles of operation and in the detail of its construction.

In the drawings I have represented an opprovide an auxiliary means or actuating the emtive embodiment of my invention in four I Q.

views, vhereof Figure 1 is a perspective view of a c0mplated apparatus with parts of the casing broken away to show the interior arrangement thereof. Fig. 2 is a central vertical cross-section taken longitudinally of the ma- Fig. 3 is a sectional detail on lirie 3 3 of Fig. 2' looking in the direction of the'arr'ows. Fig. 4 is a sec-.

tional detail of the injector arrangement,

taken-on line 4 4 of Fig. 2. a

Throughout the drawin s like numerals of reference refer always to li e parts.

Referring now to the drawings, 10 indicates a casing comprising, preferably, a top structure 1 1, opening at its lower endinto a bottom structure 12, supported unsuitable legs 13.

14 indicates ahinged.

7 through the top or deck of the casing member llat the extreme rear end thereof. The bottom 12 is preferably hopper-shaped, but may be of any suitable shape to cause granular material placed therein to seek a rela--' tively small area at the bottom thereof.

18 indicates a box or well secured to the hopper-bottom 12 below the small end thereof and having a regulable communication with the interior of the casing member 12 by rtures 19, made through the Walls of the am 12 and adapted to be regulated by is adj us? vole valves.

the specific construction, 20 20 indicate val pivoted on the interior of the bottom 12, at 1, and having lever-arms 22 extending -:ipward therefrom and each connected with an operating push-rod 23, extending to the exterior ofthe casing. Obviously by manipulating the push-rods the valves 20 may be moved to open or close the apertures. 19 to any desired extent. An outlet 24 is preferably made in the bottom of the well 18 and is provided with a closable door 2 5 of any suitable construction.

In practice abrasive material consisting, preferably, of a mixture of carborundum and ground quartz, sufficient in quantity to fill the well 18 and the lower extremity of the hopper 12, is placed in machine and the hopper-bottom is filled with water to a suitable level determined by the position of an overflow-pipe 26, in open communication with the interior of the casing. Preferably the level at which the water is maintained is slightly below the top of the hopper 12, the

space in the casing above the waterdevel constituting what 1 will term a hot-air chamber.

27 indicates generally an injector arranged to discharge into-the air-chamber of the easing just below the aperture 15. The injector comprises a shell 28, inclosing a vacuumchamber 29, through which extends a steamnozzle 30, and, preferably, an air-nozzle 31, concentrically arranged within the steamnozzle 30.

'32 indicates a removable tip screwed into the front end of the shell 28 and serving to direct the material impelled through the injector into the casing.

33 indicates a testing-block dctachably secured to the tip 32, as by a clamp 34.

35 indicates a steamipe for supplying steam to the steam-nozae 30 and provided with a suitable cutoif valve 36.

t 37 indicates an air-pipe for compressed air,

communicating with the air-nozzle 31 and provided with a cut-off valve 38.

39 indicates an inlet to the vacuum'chamber of the injector, communicating, as by a suitable conduit 40, with the Well '18, which constitutes a source of abrasive material. Preferably the pipe l0 is threaded at its upper end into the inlet 39 and at its'lower end is telescoped in a pipe 41, fixed in a suitable aperture in the side of the well 18.

It will be apparent now that if steam, or steam and compressed air, be turned in to the machine by the opening of valves 36 and 38 the jets will tend to produce a vacuum in the vacuum-chamber 29 of the injector and that the tendency to equalization of pressures in the machine will start the circulation of whatever material may be supplied to the end of conduit 10 through said conduit, the injector, and back into the machine, will be well understood by those skilled in the art. In my machine 1 prrwide means for supplying highly-heated gaseous material, preferably air, steam, or steam and air, heated to or in excess of the boiling-point Water, to the material-conduit with the abrasive material.

Specifically 42 indicates a conduit extending up the interior front side of the hopper 12 and at its upper end communicating with a transverse head 42, preferably open at both ends. The lower extremity of the pipe 42 extends through the bottom of the hopper 12 and connects with the horizontal head 43, the forward end of which is preferably in alinement with the open end of the pipe at a short distance therefrom. It is unnecessary to leave the space between the head 43 and the pipe l0 open throughout its entire peripheral extent, and the head 43 might be extended forward. into communication with the pipe 41 with only relatively small apertures intermediate pipe 40 and the oint of connection of the a1r-pipe 12 with t 1e head 43, if so desired.

Assuming that the proper quantities of abrasive material and water are in the machine, steam is turned onto the injector through the valve 36 and at once the injector begins to work. It will be apparent that as the abrasive material is of relatively high specific gravity it will sink to the bottom of casing 10 and be directed by the inclined sides of the hopper 12 to the openings 1919, through which it passes to the well 18. The injector, therefore, draws moist abrasive material from the well 18 mingled with the air sup lied by conduit 12 from the air-chamber in t e interior of the machine above the water-level. The machine should be run for several minutes prior to commencing active work. During this time the interior of the casing heats up to a high degree by reason of the constant introduction of superheated steam therein, so that after the machine has ore l oool l to nesiiis through ti'iie ape disohzii'ge of the the injeotogc, so the. abrasive 1 mixture foro J oy sold ingeir.

i. .to the not rial flowing no 1 nigh veiocity sum-posed,

xivjibfjillll consl I have i'ound @111;

moist nougl'i to prevent the delete us heating of the instrument beidg'shai pened the velocity of tho blastis not, impeded by unduo condom ssixion of the injected steam nor the ab] soiioi: libliilitii by He presence olfen unci e. A moistv by reason of such st condo/L ion, The steam soon lillg iil the air bomber (-DZlZiGIli-lES to ii exient a geinst the outei' Wal is L mer-eof and the o: condensation. runs down into the that a 'constsns overflow e 1 6i" nio, Win 1 serves em. yer l use "Ki one o; .ine

12 ou n ins steam pormi outlet 1?. I: "will be apparent film by ieguisitin op nings she valves is I can re 1 3111011112 of A bmsive materini itiilhli) v sting the source of supply for the injector. It will iurti'iei' be apparent not when i desire to stop iiie nmohine I can by moving voive 20 to oiosed position out out entirely the direci connection bo tween the WEB 18 and the interior of the 110 per 12, so that byexhausting substm'itioll y eli of abrasive material fi'om the Well 18 through tiie'injeotor or dumping it through the outlet, 24 the Well may be emptied and no dogging of the pipes can be ofiected during steam-pipe 35gpreiembly above he valve 36. 8a

Coin! soil air, SLliii'i-bly hosted, I11ight,h(JW= obviously no employed in place of The :1 zixlliiu pje'b opemtes'as a regufor impelling the heotedgoseons ili'rnsive material into and 85 tl'i'z'ou li the conduit i thereby relieving tnj l u on injector ,7

e i have described llle nn-p1pe 42 as m on from the mtosior oi the msohme,

and prefer to so arrange it, it will be apparent 0* that when the auxiliary jet 44 is employed the air may be taken direc-tdrom the exterior of mschine, the steam of said auxiliary g to heat i to a proper degree, and that some of the advanm es-of my machine 5 would be attained were 1; 1e airpipe ,wholiyomitted. and the ii-uxiliaryjet alone employed to supply gaseous IYlM-Bfiiul collie materialpipe. The extension of the pipe 42 to the intori o? of the ohnmber above the Water-line, I00 seives to utilize heal/that would otherwise be wasted in the machine, and said chamber orins a convenient source of supply of the ed air or P soous matter; but it will be up about that tno teachings of my invention will 1 o 5 (a foilovt ed by heating the air or other gasous material at any desired pointin its path 5 imvel from the genera sitmosphere to the tint of its intei'nititurs with ihe abrgzsive steris for suppiy to the material-pipe, pro- 1 1 o ided the dego of lien: imp-sited to the air 9 suliieiont for the purposes lieorin described. prefer provide in my machine means illlii! 3; the 111211111 of material suplied. to the injector through the motorialoom i 1 5 duit, and to 'liiis end i provide reguiabie means for relieving the vacuum in the menum--ol1o1nber of the injector. v

in the drawings, 47 47 indicate relief-pipes providod Wiiii potcooks 48 S,said reliof- 12c pipes being arranged to establish 1;,omn1uni-. cation between the hobair chamber of the machine and-fine vacuum-chamber 29 of'the injector 28. To this end the nozzle. of the said cooks are extended shrough apertures 49, 1 2 5 made in the from; end of the superstructure.

11, below the door 14 thereof. it Wiil be apparent now that by varying the adjustment of said cocks 48 the difference in pressure between the interior of the casing and the vamp 1 o urn-chamber 2:; 11'] a ho redu' 4 so that the notion of the injector upon the mo tcriul in tho mutcriulconci uit il) will h portionutciy diininislu .101 increased and the volume of abrasive instcricl discharged to cordingly varied. it is to he noted. th air token into the relicf-pipe 47 comes iron; the air-chamber of the machine, and therefore the air does not to unduly conrlen the injected steam.

While I toil a specific construction of my dcvic details of which i cluiin a1 1W 311d zul. goons, l. do not desire to be unrl v nod us rcstricting the broad features oi my iu i to such cons'l ion, as it will he cg that features i invention urc ol" cmbodin'ient in machines rliltcring 1 from that hcrcin iilustim Having dcscriilcd 111 invcntioi'i, claim, and tlcsire to urc by Lotters I i of the United Stat J 1. ln a machine the chart-rotor (icscr'fic u steam-ii 'cctor hm u lurinser,

a chamber (-o iro so :nzuaoria l, u ma erial-conriu g the muterml-chuinber and the'm eci mun-chumbcr, uml nicuns for supplying {inxBOUS inciterial in u lughiy liezat cl condition to the vacuum-cluunhcr with i116 moist abrasive muterial.

2. In a machine oi the chuructcr rh scrihcci, a stecm-injcrtor in ring vmnuun-rlm.mhcr, a casing into which. the injector liscnurge, having a portion for containing abrasive. Inutcrisl innnerscrl in writer, a 311211clizllifilidilll connecting suiri casing portion with tho injcctor vacuum-chumher. unri moons tor supplying highly-heatcd gaseous n .ttcr to the inn.- terial-conduit with tho wot ubrr vc lilzt'iilifli.

3. In a Ir :1 chine ol' the character (lcscribcd, the corn bi'nution with 1 steanninjector, of means for su mlying higliiy hcatecl air and abrasive material to tho injector.

4. in a machine of the chill 1 the comhiz ition with a size material-cc iduit .i ttir with tho vacuunwch in: 1115 to; sup plying air 1 condition to the material-c oncl in b.

5. In a tuchinc of tho character escribcd, the crni-ihinotion with sts jccror, of s material-conduit innuuimiting with the "chamber t iercol, n, sourc =1 oi pply ivc nutcriiii for the nutcricl-con(iuit, and means for su 'i iiying uir heated to or in excess of the hoilir point of water to the material-conduit with the abrasive nmtericl.

6. In a m cchine of the character described, the combination of 1 stcanriujector, :1 source of supply of abrasive mntcriol therefor open ctively associated with the injector to supply abrasive material to the V&CU11l1i-Cl1;i1l1l1 r thereof, a source of supply of highly-heated gaseous matter, and connections between 7 sa d source of supoly of gaseous matter and the so urc. 1 supply of abrasive material, ar ranged to mix. gaseous matter with the chmsive mar l being supplied to the injector.

cu sing, u. out

the source of n1arterial-supply.

11). in a. machine 01' the character described, the (ZOlll a-tion of a casing, 21 stormiinjector arranged to discharge into an airrhcn'ihcr of the casing, av material-conduit associated with the vacuum-chamber of the Jr. a source of supply of abrasive inste- 1113 o riul 101' suirl nutteriul-couduit, and on air-concluit leading from the solid cinchsmhcr into opr-a'rutivc association with the historic-Loom riuit. i j 11. In o machine of the character de 1 scribed, an injector, a material-conduit communicating with the vacuum-chamber of the injector, a source of supply of abrasive matcriul W .11 which said msteriatconduit com.- munimtos, and an auxiliary jet for gaseous matter arranged to discharge into the chmsivc material to impel it through the muteicl-conciuit.

12. in :1 device of character described, the combination ",i'ith an rial-conduit conin'iuni ting abrasive material with which the materialconduit communicates, and an auxiliary steam-jet arranged to impel abrasive mate rial through the material-conduit. I

13. in u device of thccheracter described, the combination with an injector of a source vucuuurrlminher of the injector and the source of material-supply, an air conduit arranged to supply air to the material-conduit for niixturc with the ubrosive material, and an auxiliary jet of gaseous material under pressure, arranged to induce a how of air through said air-conduit toward the materiat'cmuiuit.

1%. innit mac. fine of the character dein 5. machine of the character described,

njector, of a mate the combination of a steam-injector, a source um-chcmhcr thereof, a, source of supply of of inarterial-supply, a connection hctwccn the scribed, a steam-injector, a material-pipe, a source of materiaLsupply with which said materialipe communicates, and a means of supply 0 gaseous matter under pressure ex tending into the source of material-supply and arranged with its outlet in alinement with the opening of the materiahpipe, to discharge into the material-supply pipe.

15. In a machine of the character described, a steam-injector, a source of material-supply, a material-conduit connectingthe source of supply and the injector, and a steamjet arranged within the source of materialsupply and arranged to inject steam into the material-conduit with the abrasive material supplied thereto.

16. In a machine of the character described, an injector, a source of material-supply, and a conduit connecting the said source of supply and the injector, said conduit comprisin telescoping pipes, one only being connecte to the injector and the other extending to the source of materiaLSupply.

17. In a machine of the character described, the combination with an injector, of a structure through which material to be supplied to the injector is drawn, comprising a pipe connected with said structure, and a second pipe telescopically associated with the first, connected with the vacuum-chamber of the injector.

18. In a device of the character described, the combination of a casing having a chamber into which'an injector discharges, a well at the bottom of the casing, an injectoridischarging into the cas ng, a material-pipe leading from the injector into the well, and a conduit leading from the chamber into which the injector discharges into the well.

19. In a device of the character described, the combination of a casing having a chamber into which the injector discharges, and a ma terial-hopper, a well below the hopper, an injector discharging into the casing, a materialpipe arranged without the casing and composed of telescoping sections, one connected with the injector and the other leading into the well, and a conduit leading from the chamber into which the injector discharges to a proper point in the well to supply air to the material-pipe.

20. In a machine of the character described, aniinjector, a source of material-supply o eratively connected with the vacuumcham er of the injector, and regulable means for supplying gaseous matter to the path-of the material immediate the source of supply and the point of egress from the injector.

21. In a device of the character described, an injector, a source of material-s11 pply operatively connected with the vacuum-chamber of the injector, and means for admitting gaseous material to said vacuum-charnber.

22. In a device of the character described, the combination with a easing into an aic chamber whereof an injector discharges, the injector, a source of material-supply operatively connected with the vacuum-chamber of the injector, and rcgulable connections between the chamber into which the injector discharges and the vacuum-chmnber of the injector.

23. In a machine of the character dcscribed, an injector comprising a vacuumchamber, a steam-nozzle, and a compressedair nozzle, and a source of supply of abrasive material operativelyconnected with the vacuinn-chamber of the injector.

24. In a machine of the character dcscribcd, the combination of an injector com-' prising a vacuinn-chamber, a stcam-nozzlo extending through the vacuum-chemher, and a nozzle for compressed air extending through the vacuum-chamber within the steam-nozzle, and a source of material-supply operatively connected with the vacuum-chamber of the injector.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own '1 allix my signature in prcscnec of two witnesses.

ANTHONY ll. RADlClil'i.

In presence oi Gno. '1. MAY, J12, MARY l ALLEN. 

